How to tell if a last name is jewish. Crypto-Jew: a person who practices Judaism in secret.

I’m almost certain your surname will be listed in their database – check the ‘Pedigrees’ as well. ב"ה. Jun 7, 2022 · Join our mission to tell the Jewish story fully and fairly. If your parents named you David, David (pronounced “Dah-veed“) can be your Hebrew name as well. ) which existed between 1922 and 1991. 💡 Family stories and narratives about Jewish heritage from relatives can offer insights into For Jewish females, the format is the same: [First name] bat [Jewish parent’s name] v’ [other Jewish parent’s name], for example Leah bat Moshe v’Rachel. This happens with the examination of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). There are several other research studies (which I am also in) that show the Tribe of Levi Y-DNA disperse throughout the Middle East and Asia. This is a patronymic surname that means ‘son of Aaron . Most Jews did not adopt hereditary family names until required to do so by law. Meaning: Steward or farm laborer. The Garber family name was found in the USA, the UK, and Canada between 1840 and 1920. Blau — An Ashkenazi name, it means “blue” in German. Conversely, people may also convert to Judaism and, therefore, identify as Jewish because of their faith rather than their lineage. I honestly, cannot believe that all of them conciously led their people to their doom, and I cannot pass judgement, from the comfort of my couch, to people who lived the Holocaust. Search family trees by clicking the Search tab and selecting Public Member Trees. Mar 1, 2020 · The frequency of certain prefixes can also provide insight into a last name’s Jewish origin. , and the Russian Empire. We’ve partnered with JewishGen ®, the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, the American Jewish Historical Society, the Miriam Weiner Routes to Roots Foundation, Inc. 4. Name Your Roots, Reveal your Spanish or Portuguese ancestry trough our Historical records Archived post. Jewish Practice Lifecycle Events Birthday When Is My Jewish Birthday? Jewish Birthday Calculator. Forwarding the News. Ethiopian Jewish man celebrates the Sigd holiday in Jerusalem. A person’s wedding day is comparable to his or her personal Yom Kippur, on which all sins are forgiven. Origin: Ashkenazi. 💡 Old family documents, such as birth certificates of relatives born in Spain or Portugal, can provide valuable information to trace Sephardic ancestry. Art by Sefira Lightstone. Many converts choose the name Ruth , the biblical figure considered to be the first convert to Judaism, while others select the names of biblical Nov 17, 2023 · Abate. In other words, Jews may be atheists and still identify as Jewish because of their religion, culture, or ancestry. “The majority of Jewish tombstones not only have the Hebrew name of the deceased; they also generally have the Hebrew name of the deceased’s father. It has its origins in the Basque name Jul 12, 2024 · Use the Standard Surname Database if you know your ancestor's given name, surname, or town name. An experienced team of researchers can also provide genealogy guidance in person or online. Search the Jewish Family History Collection , the world’s largest online collection of Jewish historical records. This was about 41% of all the recorded Garber's in USA. This means, if your mother was Jewish, you are considered Jewish. Nudel: meaning needle, this name reflects an ancestor’s occupation as tailor. For Ashkenazic Jewry, the wholesale introduction Nov 9, 2018 · Family Tree DNA ’s maternal and paternal ancestry tests can identify your haplogroups, which may be one of those specifically associated with Jewish heritage. It’s an occupational surname meaning “rabbi,” based on the Latin “abbas,” meaning “priest. But the focus of Ashkenazi genealogical research is in Central and Eastern Europe from the 18th through 20th centuries, a realistic horizon for vital records availability. The naming of a Jewish child is a profound spiritual moment. “Finding a tombstone of [a relative] can help you find that original Yiddish or Hebrew name,” said Diamond. Except for Cohen and Levi, which are both, and Friedman, that is Ashkenazi, I believe the others are non-Ashkenazi. As Arthur Kurzweil takes you along on his own A DNA test by iGENEA provides you with clear evidence of whether you have Jewish roots. I have not an educated opinion on the matter. The name “Sara” was added for all German-Jewish women in accordance with German legislation (July 3, 1939). 9%), H (20. Get talking. However, if your father is Jewish, that does not necessarily make you Jewish. Use the OCR Surname Database (optical character recognition) to search for your ancestor's Surnames. • Now have the group echo your movements and name back to you on the count of three as close as they can to the way you did it. Description. That is, they belong to the Cohanim Modal Haplotype (CMH). Browse in the Jewish bookstore. You can see how Garber families moved over time by selecting different census years. Join a synagogue with lots of young people. 1%), J (8. Search US census records for Jewish; Passenger Lists. Paternal haplogroups associated with Jewish The Jewish leaders played a part, in this, which some castigate as, to say the least, dubious. Horowitz — Referring to someone from the community of Horovice in the Czech Republic. Schmidt: Schmidt is an occupational name referring to a blacksmith. Another approach is to choose a name based on a character in the Bible. The family name ‘Aaron’ is derived from Hebrew name ‘Aharon’ meaning ‘mountain of strength’ or ‘high mountain. 4%), N (10. Like a window into their day-to-day life, Jewish census records can tell you where and how your ancestors worked, their level of education, veteran status, and more. Since it was first published in 1980, From Generation to Generation has inspired thousands to pursue the unique challenges and rewards of Jewish genealogy. Family Tree DNA offers various mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) tests and Y- DNA tests for identifying maternal and paternal ancestry. Mar 25, 2024 · FILE - Republican presidential candidate and former President Donald Trump speaks at an annual leadership meeting of the Republican Jewish Coalition, Saturday, Oct. Feb 16, 2022 · Tribal Character: Dan is characterized by judgment and vengeance. The Jewish community from Yemen also has very ancient origins, with evidence pointing to a Jewish presence in Yemen from at least the 3rd century C. For centuries, Judaism has been passed on through matrilineal descent. This tradition is tied to the idea that a boy does not fully receive his soul until the bris, and thus cannot be properly Oct 17, 2023 · The FamilySearch Library has many published Jewish family histories contributed by Jewish genealogists throughout the world. Abelman. The first merit mentioned 2 is that they didn’t change their names. 8%) and T (4. Mar 12, 2024 · List of Common Jewish Surnames With Meanings. ’. While many surnames are associated with Jewish people in the United States, there are only three surnames rooted in ancient Jewish culture: Kohen (or Cohen), Levy, and Israel. In addition, your profile is compared with Apr 20, 2024 · Jewish Naming Customs. The US Holocaust Memorial Museum holds materials acquired from private and state archives in dozens of countries and languages. It is the most studied of the Hebrew DNA and has the most widespread distribution. Award. Jun 19, 2024 · 1. In the absence of genealogy, these reports can be inappropriately used to imply that there is a familial WAY #6: Go Where Jews Go. Go to the Jewish bakery and kosher supermarket. , except for federal holidays and Yom Kippur. The Jewish people will be a nation of farmers, a nation of businessman, a nation of soldiers and a nation of science. But being Jewish can also be a matter of ancestry, ethnicity, and culture. I am Jewish and my husband’s mother is not Jewish but his father was. Photo credit: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, courtesy of Hans Steinitz. Dan as a tribe is marked by objective judgment and a willingness to act on the results of it as needed. • 4 yr. Many observant Jews won’t announce a baby’s Hebrew name until the boy’s bris on the eighth day, or a girl’s naming ceremony at the first opportunity when the Torah is read with a minyan. ago. R. Apr 3, 2020 · 1. Look for German names which mention plants or metals, like Blumental (flower valley) or Eisenberg (iron hill). New comments cannot be posted and votes cannot be cast. If you want to look Jewish, help an old lady across the street, drop a few coins in a charity box or donate blood. We are told that Abraham was one of three boys born to Terach, a descendant of Shem, son of Noah. Family members may know far more than you realise. Contact a local Orthodox congregation or rabbi and ask which class they recommend for prospective converts. Here is what one of the great sages, Rabbi Samson Raphael Hirsch, says: "The nation is to represent agriculture as well as commerce, militarism as well as culture and learning. Contact your local Jewish federation or Jewish community center. Shmuel ben Moshe was, say, the son of Sep 29, 2017 · 1 Talk to your mother's family. Schneider: This is an occupational name meaning “cutter,” referring to a Jan 17, 2024 · How Can You Tell if a Last Name Is Jewish? Jewish surnames, particularly those from Ashkenazi Jewish heritage, often have distinctive endings. Search archives’ catalogs and websites such as JewishGen’s and the New York Public Library for Yizkor books. By Menachem Posner. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Discover your story in our Jewish family history records. There are 131 immigration records available for the last name For most of our history, Jews did not have surnames. Individuals who become Jewish through conversion choose (or in the case of a child, are given) a Hebrew name upon their conversion and are known as the child of Abraham and Sarah, the Gonzalez — This is the second most popular Spanish surname in the world today. Here are six of the most common suffixes in Jewish last names: 💡 One common way to prove Sephardic ancestry is through DNA testing, which can trace your lineage and identify potential Sephardic heritage. 4 Moreover, it is said that by maintaining their own language, 5 the Nov 25, 2023 · Of these 15 million, 7 million live in Israel, "not a popular vacation spot," and 6 million live in America, with the remaining two million spread out over the world. Before 1808, the use of a family name by Jews was left to the discretion of the individual. Talk to your mother's family. If you have Jewish American roots, you can trace your family history using Jewish American newspapers. And mysterious: You’ll never hear of an atheist Protestant or a Catholic Muslim, but a Jewish May 31, 2022 · Located in the beautiful Lower Galilee region of Israel, and famed for being the city where Jesus had lived and grown up, today Nazareth is the largest Arab city in Israel, and one of the largest cities in northern Israel. Rashi (Genesis 49:16-17) connects Yaakov’s blessings to Dan’s descendant Samson, who served justice to the Philistines. (Source: Israel Association for Ethiopian Jews [CC BY SA 3. Gemstone: Turquoise. Trump on Monday, March 18, 2024, charged that Jews who vote for Democrats “hate Israel” and hate “their religion,” igniting a firestorm of criticism Picking a Hebrew Name. 28, 2023, in Las Vegas. Berent. g. 3. Here are some common Spanish Jewish last names: Abulafia: A name of Arabic origin meaning “father of wisdom. The Midrash relates 1 that the Jews were redeemed from Egypt in the merit of four virtues. Abate is an example of a Jewish last name with Italian connections. A person who converted, whether voluntarily or involuntarily. 3 million records. ”. This collection contains passenger lists, census records, Holocaust records, and more. If the person wasn’t Jewish, they might take the first letter of the English name and find a closely related Hebrew name. Learn as much as you can about Judaism. And many people are quite good at eyeing us like this. 7. Reform Judaism is a practice dedicated to the religious equality of all Jews and does not differentiate between Jews based on ancestry. Tattoos are forbidden by the Torah. 5. Cervantes: A name of Spanish origin meaning “deer. Becoming Jewish will make it easier for children by giving them a clear religious identity. The Sages say that naming a baby is a statement of her character, her specialness, and her path in life. Whether a nickname for a priest or a priest’s descendant, Abate sure has a story to tell. That’s the way it’s been since Biblical times and it’s also firmly established in the Code of Jewish Law. Regina or Gina, which means “queen,” can give rise to Malka, which also means “queen. “Surname Reports”. A short-form reference to the Soviet Union or to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U. m. Beginning as a small tribe of southern European Jews who moved north in the early Middle Ages, the Ashkenazi produced large In Germany itself, the Nazis could rely on records. In addition, your profile is compared with Dec 19, 2020 · Dear Bintel, I have been married to a wonderful man for 10 years. One of the special privileges and responsibilities of becoming a convert to Judaism is that you get to select a Hebrew name for yourself. US Holocaust Memorial Museum. S. Many of the names that people think "sound" Jewish are, in fact, simply German, Russian, or Polish surnames. [deleted] • 7 yr. My Jewish name is Chaim Ezra. Naming Ceremony Practices. Reply. Think about your own reasons. The most common last names for Jews in Israel are: כהן, לוי, מזרחי, פרץ, ביטון, דהן, אברהם, אגבריה ופרידמן. In fact, many follow the custom of fasting on this day. Certain prefixes come from specific places and cultures, such as Gaelic, Irish, and English. Though both names have deep meaning for me (more on that in a minute), I also chose it because Chaim sort of sounds like my English name, Chris, and Ezra sounds like my legal middle name, Estell. . Converso: Spanish for “convert. CJSI is sequenced phonetically rather than alphabetically using the Daitch-Mokotoff Soundex System . The Netherlands has contributed Leuwarden, Neumegen, Limburg, van Thal, and various other vans, as van Ryn ( Rhine ), etc. Consider names that are similar to your English name. Rabin: from the Hebrew word Rabbi, this name could refer to a rabbinic ancestor. 1%), HV (5. Many modern Jewish surnames are toponyms, names derived from place names. To find family histories in the Library, look for the family name in the Surname Search of the FamilySearch Catalog. Pereira. Thereby, as a model nation, to establish the truth An atheist whose parents are Jewish is still believed by many to have Jewish blood—in much the same way that a white-appearing child of at least one black parent is believed to have black blood FamilySearch is the world’s largest free genealogy resource. Jewish genealogy extends back to Biblical times. Surnames derived from occupations figure prominently on the list of America’s most common surnames (see below), including Smith, Miller, Taylor, Clark, Walker, Wright, Baker, Carter, Stewart, Turner, Parker, Cook and Cooper. CJSI is your gateway to information about 699,084 surnames, mostly Jewish, that appear in 42 Different Databases . ), you are Jewish, even if all other branches of your family are not Jewish. Make Friday night dinners and invite friends -- the more you go where other singles go, the more people you meet. Jul 13, 2015 · The short answer of course: Sanders is Jewish. Also consult bibliographies of Jewish genealogies such as: Zubatsky, David S. The mtDNA haplogroups most commonly found in Ashkenazi Jews are K (31. Mar 20, 2024 · The country/kingdom of Russia existed within the Soviet Union, the U. Far more engaging than a mere how-to reference guide, this landmark book is also part detective story and part spiritual quest. Jewish as an Ethnicity. Jul 12, 2024 · Use the Standard Surname Database if you know your ancestor's given name, surname, or town name. 2. Anus: “forced one” in Hebrew (“anusim” in plural). The prefix is the first two or three letters of your surname. Genetic research indicates that many Jewish men who self-identify as Cohanim belong to the Y-chromosome DNA lineage that is most common in the Cohanim. , the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, the USC Shoah Foundation, and Arolsen Archives to create a Sep 30, 2020 · 1. Naftali. It comes from the German name, Gundisalv. This database is comprised of name lists from local historians and heads of Jewish communities, name lists from books, and name lists from various archives. The Sephardic Genealogical Society’s Code of Conduct states: 5. Tova Teitelbaum / Getty Images. Delgado: A name of Spanish origin meaning “slender” or “thin. Lieb — Meaning “lion,” this refers to someone who had an ancestor who was brave and/or strong to an unusual degree. Like many Parshat Shemot. Feb 14, 2023 · Spanish Jewish Last Names. The Kohen Model J1,J2 refer to the J-M267 and J-M172 Y-DNA that has been passed down to males. Here are 5 defining facts about his Jewishness. Sep 14, 2018 · Your Jewish last name is a link to your past, a window into your people and the ancestors that came before you. Review the Reform movement’s list of upcoming Introduction to Judaism courses here, Check out the Conservative movement’s list of upcoming conversion classes here. Keep Your Body a Clean Slate. A Wedding is Like a Mini– Yom Kippur. During the Middle Ages, it was useful to distinguish John the baker from John the tailor. Note, however, that this method generally works best for Jul 12, 2024 · Use the Standard Surname Database if you know your ancestor's given name, surname, or town name. Sanders grew up in Flatbush, Brooklyn, as 4. I would wager maybe 50% of world Jewry match that appearance. My Phd Thesis was all about the Sephardic origin of my ‘Pimentel’ surname. Popular Jewish Last Names. It is open Sunday through Friday from 10 a. It is an Ashkenazi Jewish surname and a patronymic form of the personal name Abel. It was these files which allowed the Nazis to be so precise in their racial categorizations; having even one grandparent who was Jewish made you 3. They will also reveal your ancestors’ migratory paths. By. When you convert, you must verbalize your commitment to live in accordance with all of the Torah ’s commandments as they are explained in Torah law. Yes. JewishGen offers databases where you can find info on thousands of communities in Europe, Africa and the Middle East. Aaronson. We have two small children. A DNA test by iGENEA provides you with clear evidence of whether you have Jewish roots. Jun 9, 2015 · The Actual Conversion to Judaism: Conversion to Judaism has a few components, which are undertaken under the supervision of an established beit din: Accepting the yoke of the commandments. Free morning newsletter. These names originate with the Israelite tribes which bear the same name. Origin: Jewish, Italian. Abraham (also variations including Abramovich, Avraham, Abrahams, Abrams, Abramoff, Abramsky, Abramson, Abramzada and Ben Avraham) – These names recall the first patriarch Abraham, who brought monotheism to the world and established a covenant with God. Take a look at the 10 most common German surnames and the meanings behind them: Müller: This is an occupational name meaning “miller. Create a movement to do with your hands, face, and body as you tell your name to the group. Jan 27, 2020 · 1. Mar 11, 2008 · For thousands of years, most Jews had simply been known by their given names, the word ben (meaning “son of” in Hebrew), and their fathers’ given names. Use the OCR Surname Database (optical character recognition) to search for your ancestor's Today, some Jews whose last name is Cohen, Kahn, or something similar and who believe they are descendants of the priestly class may still observe certain restrictions by, for example, not entering cemeteries. 8%), U (5. The Russian Empire which was formed in the 1500s and officially proclaimed as such by Tsar Peter I in 1721. To narrow your search results, try adding information one May 29, 2024 · How to Tell If a Last Name Is Jewish. In addition to access to deep databases and user-friendly search tools, it has tools for researchers to connect with others on a similar journey of family discovery. Search census records. Use this handy tool to find out your Hebrew date of birth and even print up a custom certificate with your name and Jewish birthday. Maternal haplogroups associated with Jewish descent. 4 Terach was an an avid idolator, 5 who sold idols to others. A person who was forcibly converted. 1. These databases combined contain more than 7. and Irwin M. Abrams — deriving from Abraham, the patriarch of the Jewish people. From surveys of markers in Jewish cemeteries, about 5% of Jewish men have historically been Cohanim. Therefore, spelling variants of a name that sound the same are Simple: A Jew is anyone who was born of a Jewish mother, or has undergone conversion to Judaism according to halachah (Jewish law). We are practicing Reform Jews. At the Museum, you can access the full Database of Holocaust Survivor and Victim Names, the ITS Digital Archive, the Benjamin and Vladka Aug 10, 2016 · 14 Jewish Wedding Facts Everyone Should Know. Names such as Katz, Kaplan, and Koppel all involve the Germanic ‘K’ prefix, while names such as Lovitz, Leibowitz, and Lipkin include the ‘L’ prefix. The best way to start investigating your family's Jewish origins is to find out as much as you can from living relatives. In communal life, Jews were most often known by their name and their father’s name (e. His Father Was Terach. So I've heard all this different ways to Jun 26, 2017 · This Jewish custom is a sign of respect to the dead. Kimberly Powell. In 1840 there were 53 Garber families living in Pennsylvania. Alhadeff: A name of Arabic origin meaning “the one who gives. It is also home to the largest community family tree in the world. Check: Museum of the Jewish People in Tel Aviv called: Beit Hatfutsot. Here are 30 useful questions you can ask them. JewishGen. Discover your family story! Start a 7-Day Free Trial Jewish Birthday Calculator. , Dinah daughter of Leah ). Remember, conversion must be your own free choice, not done because of pressure, but out of a genuine desire to embrace Judaism. Some names translate beautifully. This DNA is exclusively passed down through women in a family, so following it can prove Jewish ancestry. “Gund” is German for “war,” while the meaning of “salv” remains a mystery. Its files, some recently discovered after being forgotten in the 1940s, document roundups and transports of Jewish citizens, concentration camps, Jewish ghettos and the experiences of survivors. Look at the prefix in your surname. E. Explore over 330 years of newspapers and historical records in GenealogyBank. 0])Yemenite Jews. Jews in Poland usually used only a given name and the name of their father, such as Isaac, son of Abraham. The most Garber families were found in USA in 1880. "Take a look at America," she How did the Germans know who was Jewish? A passport issued to Lore Oppenheimer, that was stamped with the letter “J” for “Jude. For at the beginning of life we give a name, and at the end of life a "good name" is all we take with us ( Brachot 7b; Arizal – Sha'ar HaGilgulim 24b). If you belong to a haplogroup that is found in Jews, then the test will not exclude you as being Jewish. Perlman: husband of Perl (a common Jewish woman’s name in Eastern Europe) Portnoy: this name refers to an occupation – it means “tailor” in Russian. Marrano: Spanish for “swine. This may sound like it involved a lot of guesswork, but that’s where a DNA test to prove Jewishness comes in. c9joe. Germany was an organized and bureaucratic state which kept extensive marriage and birth certificates, which could be used to trace Jewish ancestry. His father’s family was wiped out in the Holocaust. A dictionary of surnames will tell you whether a name has known Jewish associations, but it's often easy to guess. This means that if you trace your Jewish lineage through your mother’s mother’s mother’s mother (etc. An insulting term for a convert. Crypto-Jew: a person who practices Judaism in secret. Figure out what you already know. Don’t stop until you’ve written down everything. Inquire of family about your mother's religious and ethnic identity Here are some common Jewish last names and the meanings behind them. “Surname reports” are studies that show that surnames in an applicant’s family were previously used by Sephardic Jews and/or ”New Christians”. WAY #7: Use the Internet. Landsmanshaft records: Search Jewish archives for records of these societies of Jews from the same shtetl. Dec 29, 2020 · Making name to face connections of known Jews is the critical identifier in visually recognizing unknown Jews worldwide. • Take in this reflection of how you feel about your secular name. Use the OCR Surname Database (optical character recognition) to search for your ancestor's WilliamofYellow • 7 yr. Email me if you like. The Basics. , the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, the USC Shoah Foundation, and Arolsen Archives to create a Get a free, personalized and printable name analysis based on hundreds of historical records of the Spanish and Portuguese surnames and references found in libraries, archives, and museums. There are general names like Deutsch, Frank, Franco, Frankel, and more localized ones from almost every European country. Judaism is passed on exclusively through the biological female line. Updated on May 29, 2024. When one takes into account Terach’s deep investment in idol worship and his close association with the evil king Nimrod, Abraham’s turn to G‑d is all the The Museum’s Holocaust Survivors and Victims Resource Center is located on the second floor of the Museum. , Abraham son of Moses, Dina daughter of Isaac ), or, when mentioned in prayer, by their name and their mother’s name (e. Dec 6, 2023 · For example, the German last name Schnee means “snow. Meaning: Abbot, priest. Record full names, maiden names, nicknames as well as births We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. While creativity is a G‑dly attribute for us to emulate, our bodies are not to be used as canvasses. Visitors can search in billions of historical records for their ancestors. Sep 26, 2023 · Sources told the Jewish Telegraphic Agency in 2018 that Sheinbaum feels connected to the history of Jews in political activism, but not as much so to the religion or its traditions. The last step, is to simply assimilate facial features, traits, demeanor and persona of known Jews (identified and committed to memory) onto unknown Jews, seen in multitude during everyday life. The biblical precedent for this practice is clear: Ruth did not change her name. Based on your specific genetic characteristics, we can identify whether you are of Jewish descent, which line the Jewish descent is from (paternal, maternal or both lines) and even to what percentage you are Jewish. Garcia — This is the most common surname in Spain, and the second most common in Mexico today. 6. This is considered significant, because all their names alluded to their ultimate redemption. Aug 12, 2020 · The Franco surname is listed in many Sephardic genealogical texts. If you don't look quite European but don't look quite Arab, people will assume you are a Jew by default. The prefix was often added to notate if the head of your family was the “son of” or the “daughter of” the head of their family. to 5 p. You generally can't identify Jewish ancestry by a surname alone. $36 $500. Jewish Baby Names. Many Jews are given a Hebrew name at birth in addition to their English name, some use the simple Hebrew equivalent of their English name, and some were never given a Hebrew name at all. Sep 29, 2021 · In 1997, Playbill ran a Reuters quote in which Goldberg supposedly said she picked the last name of "a Jewish ancestor" as her stage name, adding that her "family is Jewish, Buddhist, Baptist and There are 139 census records available for the last name Jewish. Names with the ‘L’ prefix are further identified as being of Ashkenazic descent. Hoffman. Start with yourself and work backward. 8%). This is the primary internet source connecting researchers of Jewish genealogy worldwide, JewishGen self-describes as the, “global home for Jewish genealogy. $120 $180 Other amount. hd em ir xo bz xx nn ar de mr