Dovecot documentation

Dovecot documentation. In the second form, the command will It’s possible to keep the certificate and the key both in the same file: # Preferred permissions: root:root 0400 ssl_cert = </etc/ssl/dovecot. Since outgoing mail sizes are also typically limited on the MTA side, it can be beneficial to prevent user from saving too large mails, which would later on fail on the MTA side anyway. LDAP user database — Dovecot documentation. Converting password schemes. SEARCH=FUZZY. 3. Enable some workarounds for Outlook clients so they won’t hang on unexpected data. ) auth_role. 0, Dovecot provides an SMTP submission service, also known as a Mail Submission Agent (MSA) RFC 6409. ” inside the directory, this will create a symlink The Mail crypt plugin is used to secure email messages stored in a Dovecot system. Chapter 1. This will require that both sourceuser and destuser have same system UID. . By default, the CA must be installed under the directory specified in the TLS_CACERTDIR option found under /etc/openldap/ldap. The default is 0, which is unlimited. # If unset, the include fails. Pigeonhole Sieve Configuration. Configuring and maintaining a Dovecot IMAP and POP3 server. 4. auth_host. Chasquid and Dovecot SASL. Authentication via remote IMAP server. imap_hibernate_timeout controls when to move IDLEing IMAP connections to User Databases (userdb) ¶. ## this is sometimes needed. Feb 3, 2011 · Compress the cache file when n% of records are deleted (by count, not by size). This means that only 26 keywords are possible to store in the Maildir. You need to create group vmail and user vmail. If user was accessed this recently, assume the user’s indexes are up-to-date. Dovecot Backend; Dovecot Cluster Architecture; Dovecot Proxy; Doveadm (Dsync) Error/Exit Codes; Events Design; Event Reasons; Filesystem permissions (in shared mailboxes) Finding Your Mail; Health-Check scripting; IMAP PREVIEW; Importing mailboxes; Events; Dovecot Logging; Login processes; Login process proxying; Dovecot Lua Support; Mailbox Your MTA is not using Dovecot LDA or LMTP. 10. Dovecot can support mailbox sharing in several different ways: Public Mailboxes: Shared mailboxes created by administrators. To test which messages a given search query would match, you can use doveadm fetch or doveadm search commands. Changes: 2017/11/20 - Possibility of using spamc with SpamAssassin to mitigate multi-message delays. This ID is logged in all the lines and passed between Dovecot services, which allows tracking it all the way through directors to backends and their various processes. default_value = default. However, Dovecot does not support accessing the same user simultaneously by different servers. Symlinking mailboxes: Quick and dirty way of sharing a few mailboxes. ¶. You can also check more complex configurations by providing filters, Example: Pigeonhole extensions and plugins. dovecot-keywords file contains Maildir filename flag (a. com is an App Suite user at cust. doveadm service status produces a table with a line for each service, containing the following details: name. z = 0. You can use syslogging by setting log_path to empty value in dovecot. The only thing you need to do to activate the ManageSieve protocol support in Dovecot is to add sieve to the protocols= setting. Many people confuse SASL with one specific SASL To use Solr with Dovecot, it needs to configured specifically for use with Dovecot. . sudo -u solr /opt/solr/bin/solr create -c dovecot. All standalone programs, such as dovecot(1) , will first get their settings by executing doveconf. process_count. It can be used to flood a server with random commands and it can also attempt to mimic a large number of real-world clients. For example: Dovecot also includes a mail delivery agent (called Local delivery agent in Dovecot's documentation) and an LMTP server, with the optional Sieve filtering support. On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6, Dovecot uses the OpenLDAP library. Values: Time. Specify region name for AWS S3 bucket. Dovecot supports a variety of authentication schemas for IMAP , POP and message submission agent (MSA) access, including CRAM-MD5 and the more secure DIGEST-MD5 . All logging, except from master process, goes through it. doveadm-instance (1), Manage the list of running Dovecot instances. It is typically used to expunge old mails from users’ Trash and/or Spam mailboxes. This typically matters only when user is being moved to another backend and soon back again, or if the user is simultaneously being accessed by multiple backends. Only compress cache file if it is larger than this size. [etc. <search program>. mail_home=/srv/mail/%Lu. Space-separated list of IP/network ranges that contain the Dovecot Directors. z. 169. Next: Dovecot LDA with Qmail. See Settings for list of all setting groups. All of these can be used within the same server or between different servers (via ssh (1) or tcp SASL stands for “Simple Authentication and Security Layer”. C @ example3. Related Topics. Pigeonhole: IMAPSieve plugin. the name of the service. Configuring autoforward sender address. Dovecot as a POP3 server. LMTP Server. dovecot. That will result in more or less severe mailbox corruption. Man pages. To find all messages that are new and greater than 50 kilobyte, one can use: doveadm search NEW LARGER 50k. Space-separated list of IP/network ranges that contain the Dovecot Proxies. Doveadm Mailbox Commands. com. gid: User’s Dovecot allows specifying the maximum message size that is allowed to be saved (e. Here all the Dovecot messages get logged into dovecot. To import mail from another user in the system, you can do. Director Settings. IAM hostname and port. the number of processes actually running for the service. The log find command is used to show the location of the log files, to which dovecot(1) logs its messages through syslogd (8) and doveadm(1) could not find any log files, you can specify the directory where your syslogd writes its log files. The default is 169. dsync (short for doveadm sync) is Dovecot’s mailbox synchronization feature. LDAP cheat sheet. Previous: doveadm-flags; Next: doveadm-fs; config ¶. Three plugins are associated with quota: Enables IMAP commands for requesting and administering current quota. example. This plugin is available for Pigeonhole v0. 24). Configure either this setting or hosts to specify what LDAP server (s) to connect to. Quota tracking and enforcing plugin. The event filter settings are the only required settings in a metric block. Otherwise log files contain “dovecot: “ prefix, which fail2ban doesn’t like. Repositories. pop3_client_workarounds = outlook-no-nulsoe-ns-eoh. Submission Server¶. COMPRESS. Filesystem permissions (in shared mailboxes) Finding Your Mail. Multiple UIDs, without running dovecot-lda as root¶ In this mode, dovecot-lda won’t be querying Dovecot’s master socket, instead trusting Exim to setup its execution environment. That is why you first need to check whether LDA or LMTP are actually being used. A dead connection is detected by Dovecot periodically sending “I’m still here” notifications to client (imap_idle_notify_interval setting - default every 2 minutes). General Backend Settings. SPECIAL-USE. Pigeonhole Sieve: LDAP Lookup for Sieve Scripts. The databases usually contain the following information: Username. Guides and tutorials. multiple Sent mailboxes, but it can be used to make sure that all of the different variants will have the same The following settings can be configured for the vacation extension in the plugin section (default values are indicated): sieve_vacation_min_period = 1d. The files don’t need to have anything else than one username per line. You can disable such duplicates for mail by adding “;local5. A minimum of 0 indicates that users are allowed to make the Sieve interpreter For each virtual directory you need to create a dovecot-virtual file. Added brief info about RoundCube. Dovecot namespaces can be used for several other purposes too: Guides and tutorials ¶. sieve_dir = %h/sieve # Directory for :global include scripts (not to be confused with sieve_global_path). (The default is to use v2 signatures. Dovecot LDA with Exim. Exim or Postfix, for local message delivery Director Capacity/Sizing. If not, list index bundles in object storage (or Cassandra) to see if they have changed. auth_cache_size controls maximum memory size for caching passdb/userdb lookups. Both operations are transparent to the user. Dovecot LDA with Postfix. Dovecot is commonly used with NFS. The location of the files for the newly created instance on the filesystem varies between operating systems and installation methods. log, while all the important error/warning messages get logged into dovecot-errors. This specifies the minimum period that can be specified for the :days and :seconds tags of the vacation command. Previous: Dovecot LDA with Postfix. Implements the actual quota handling and includes all quota backends. There aren’t many settings which affect Dovecot’s memory usage. Easiest way to test Dovecot is to use the imaptest tool, see IMAP Server Tester. NFS. , when the user is not found or there is a password mismatch). This specifies the username to be used for users logging in with the ANONYMOUS SASL mechanism. The maximum size in bytes of a header field value passed to the addheader command. This limitation is used for the following reasons (non-inclusive list): New directors can take a long time to join the ring because the state is so large. To install a basic Dovecot server with common POP3 and IMAP functions, run the following command: sudo apt install dovecot-imapd dovecot-pop3d. if there are 100 000 users per backend who are receiving Protocols. Expunging (includes autoexpunge) Copying mails. The syntax generally looks like this: # this is a comment. The doveadm backup command forces the destination to look exactly like the source, deleting mails and mailboxes if necessary. They are currently evaluated only when the virtual deb https://repo. As the implementation of the managesieve daemon is largely based on the original IMAP implementation, it is very similar in terms of configuration. anvil keeps track of user connections. However its important to note that ssl = yes must be set globally if you require SSL for any If IDLE command is started, Dovecot never disconnects. Some of the extensions need to be explicitly enabled: METADATA. This means you must set up Exim to get the UID, GID, Home directory from LDAP/SQL/whatever. Configuration¶. After copying the CA, you’ll need to run “c_rehash . Dovecot SSL configuration. This command uses by default the output formatter table. doveadm import -U sourceuser -u destuser 'maildir:~/Maildir' Imported ALL. Pigeonhole Sieve: Dict Lookup for Sieve Scripts. The following rules apply to using the authentication cache: Data is used from the cache if it’s not expired ( auth_cache_ttl setting) If authentication fails this time, but it didn’t fail last time, it’s assumed that the password has changed and a database lookup passwd-file ¶. That installs Dovecot under the /usr/local directory. The minimum value for this setting is 1024 bytes. Shared Mailboxes in Dovecot Cluster: When there is more than one Dovecot Dovecot backends attempt to do as much in local cache as possible to minimize the object storage I/O. Replacing antispam plugin with IMAPSieve. Dovecot stores some Maildir metadata into two control files: dovecot-uidlist file contains IMAP UID <-> Maildir filename mapping. conf (default value is /etc/openldap/certs). domain. Config process reads and parses the dovecot. See Amazon S3 for details. Dovecot as an IMAP server. Quota backend specifies the method how Dovecot keeps track of the current quota usage. The URIs are in syntax protocol://host:port. Pigeonhole Sieve: Editheader Extension. Nowadays you should probably use the LMTP server instead, because it’s somewhat easier to configure (especially related to permissions) and gives better performance. 2. 3-latest/ubuntu/trusty trusty main Typically they’re stored in ~/mail/ or ~/Mail/ directories. Feb 1, 2010 · mailbox-alias plugin. Dovecot supports caching the results of password and user database lookups. IMAP, POP3, SMTP, and ManageSieve protocols all have support for SASL. sieve_global_dir = /etc/dovecot/sieve/ } Both sieve_dir and sieve_global_dir may also be overridden by userdb extra fields. In the first form, doveadm (1) will execute the expunge action with the environment of the logged in system user. High-performance mode for login processes. #format = value # value is the default. All clients support the PLAIN mechanism, but obviously there’s the problem that anyone listening on the network can steal the password. The shortest valid search_query is ALL. doveadm-kick (1), Disconnect users by user name and/or IP address. com received the forwarded mail. Only expunging messages from the beginning of a large mbox file is slow with Dovecot, most The following settings can be configured for the editheader extension (default values are indicated): sieve_editheader_max_header_size = 2048. Multiple search query expressions will be combined with the AND operator by default. doveadm copy & move to another folder, potentially to another user. Dovecot Cluster Architecture. Dovecot LDA with Postfix¶ This page contains only information specific to using LDA with Postfix, see LDA for more information about using the LDA itself. For example, in Archlinux, the config files are located in /opt/solr/server It’s useful for quick checks where you don’t want to write the full fetch command. Use Dovecot director for clustering. Pigeonhole Sieve: File Location for Sieve Scripts. Dovecot LDA. When this is specified, Dovecot starts using v4 signatures. 0 International License. 2017/05/05 - Recommendation about Virtual Users and using an SQL Backend. User Databases (userdb) ¶. In the first form, the command will be executed for all users. New in version v2. Running IMAPtest. In case of unauthorized access to the storage backend, the messages will, without access to the decryption keys, be unreadable to the Dovecot stores keywords in the Maildir filename’s flags field using letters a. This setting allows Directors to forward the client’s original IP address and session ID to the Backends. Pigeonhole Sieve: Extprograms Plugin. With virtual users the most commonly used ones are LDAP , SQL and passwd-file . e. Improve performance by not updating the IMAP Seen flag whenever downloading mails via POP3. The index files were implemented to optimize Dovecot, so the file formats attempt to be efficient. none”. 1 you can disable replication for a user by providing noreplicate user database field. Password. Focus mode. Events Design. Dovecot splits all authentication lookups into two categories: userdb lookup retrieves post-login information specific to this user. auth handles all authentication. Pigeonhole Sieve: Include Extension. The user of course doesn’t really bother verifying the certificate’s fingerprint, so a man-in-the-middle attack can easily bypass all the SSL security, steal the user’s password and so on. Alternatively, if there is enough memory available to hold all concurrent users’ data at once, a tmpfs would work as well. doveadm expunge: Expunge mails (without moving to Trash). /configure make sudo make install. The storage values are reported in kilobytes. Their original and primary purpose is to provide Namespace IMAP extension ( RFC 2342 ) support, which allows giving IMAP clients hints about where to locate mailboxes and whether they’re private, shared or public. org/ce-2. doveadm-exec (1), Easily execute commands from Dovecot’s libexec_dir. mail_location=sdbox:~/Mail. Example: uris = ldaps://secure. See also hosts. The simplest authentication mechanism is PLAIN. imap and /etc/dovecot/deny. doveadm flags add/remove/replace: Update IMAP Under certain circumstances it may happen, that dovecot(1) Documentation overview. For example: doveadm search ALL. Dovemon. 254:80. Red Hat Customer Portal - Access to 24x7 support and knowledge. Dovecot supports fully configurable namespaces. The refcount of a message is decreased to 0 when the user (or some administration utility) has expunged all instances of a message from all mailboxes. Messages are encrypted before written to storage and decrypted after reading. In the second form, all users, connected from the given IP address or network range, will be disconnected. pem ssl_key = </etc/ssl/dovecot. org. The larger the local cache the less object storage I/O there is. Individual value lookups ¶. Each IMAP, POP3 and LMTP connection has its own unique session ID. 0. doveadm deduplicate: Deduplicate mails either by their GUID or by Message-Id: header. For that reason (and some others) other mechanisms were implemented. MTAs talk to other MTAs, and either deliver mail locally or hand it off for delivery to and Configuring autoforward sender address. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4. conf. Any flag changes. Dovecot Core Settings. The mapping from single letters to keyword names is stored in dovecot-keywords file. 0/24. B @ example. login_trusted_networks = 10. Its syntax is like: <1+ mailbox patterns>. Reloading dovecot doesn’t activate changes in this configuration, you’ll need to perform a full restart. You can also check more complex configurations by providing filters, Example: This plugin can be used to log several actions done in a mail session: Setting and removing Deleted flag. Event Filtering. org, we encourage you to use these instead of building sources yourself. It is the software that works behind the scenes to transport E-Mail messages from one computer to another. Perform AWS IAM lookup using this role name. Note that this setting isn’t supported by all LDAP libraries. In general Dovecot uses as much memory as it needs, which is usually quite little. Dovecot manual pages. mail_max_userip_connections = 10. Currently there are no statistics logged by default, and therefore they must be explicitly added using the metric configuration blocks. Dovecot is a high-performance mail delivery agent (MDA) with a focus on security. The default is to use home directory. Mailbox deletions. 254. doveadm-log (1), Locate, test or reopen Dovecot’s log files. You can also use prefetch userdb to avoid the userdb LDAP NFS ¶. v1. conf file, and exports the parsed data in simpler format to config clients. pem. The important thing to remember about them is that they doveadm quota get [ -A | -u user | -F file] The quota get command is used to display the current quota usage. Typically you can count that each backend should have at least 2 MB of local cache allocated for its active users (e. For most people it is enough to do: . Authorization ID is the username who you want to log in as, and authentication ID is the username This will contain Dovecot index files and it needs to be high performance (e. 1 or older, you need to log via syslog. ]] Mailbox patterns can contain IMAP LIST-compatible RFC 3501#section-6. Previous: doveadm-import; Next: doveadm-indexer; This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- Basic Configuration. This will import all mails and folder structure from sourceuser to destuser, under folder Imported. The “%2Mu” takes the first 2 chars of the MD5 hash of the username so everything isn’t in one directory. <search program for these mailboxes>. Dovecot supports many different password databases and user databases. Dovecot Backend. Dovecot is provided by package managers on most popular operating systems, and we also provide packages at https://repo. d/ which, while it can be useful, is not required. Dovecot supports a lot of IMAP extensions. Event Reasons. doveadm fetch can be used to fetch messages’ contents and metadata. Configuration Manual. The PLAIN authentication is also used internally by both IMAP and POP3 to authenticate to dovecot-auth, so you see it in the debug logs. 2+ no longer have this prefix. Compress the cache file when we need to follow more than n next_offsets to find the latest cache header. As of version 2. Mailbox creations. Only if the connection is lost there will be a disconnection. POP3. If the user exists in it, the access is denied. user=root, because the process needs to be able to reopen the config files during a config reload, and often some parts of the config having secrets are readable only by root. Please respect your users’ privacy. This may include: The user database lookup can return these fields: uid: User’s UID (UNIX user ID), overrides the global mail_uid setting. key = passwords/%u. The mbox file contains all the messages of a single mailbox. Beyond the standard, the Pigeonhole implementation also adds the ability for administrators to configure Sieve scripts outside the user’s control, that are run either before or after a user’s script if there is one. %s deny = yes } This makes Dovecot look for /etc/dovecot/deny. Pigeonhole Sieve Usage. Event Export. The value is in bytes, unless followed by a k (ilo). Specifies the amount of memory used for authentication caching (passdb and userdb lookups). The PLAIN mechanism’s authentication format is: <authorization ID> NUL <authentication ID> NUL <password>. Dovecot supports gathering statistics from events (see Events Design ). LDAP URIs to use. The value is used exactly as it is in the database without any kind of parsing. The first time the client connects to the server, it sees the certificate and asks the user whether to trust it. There are various other Dovecot modules including dovecot-sieve (mail filtering), dovecot-solr (full text search), dovecot-antispam (spam filter training), dovecot-ldap (user directory). by LMTP, IMAP APPEND or doveadm save). Normally there is no reason to change this. Install Dovecot. Because of this, the mbox format is typically thought of as a slow format. Download. System users¶ If you wish you use dovecot-lda for all system users on a single domain mail host you can do it by editing mailbox_command parameter in /etc/postfix/main. Dovecot was optimized since the beginning to work as an efficient IMAP server. OR -ed SEARCH KEYS have to be written in parenthesis, when mixing ANDs and ORs. settings_key = settings_value. Note that this applies to all mailbox access, including mail delivery. Use message GUID as POP3 UIDL. Pigeonhole Sieve: Extensions for Notifications. Using Fail2ban with Dovecot¶ If you’re using Dovecot v1. Pigeonhole Sieve: Duplicate Extension. Dovecot Proxy. com automatically. Usually your LDAP database also contains the userdb information If your home directory can be specified with a template and you’re using only a single UID and GID, you should use static userdb instead to avoid an unnecessary LDAP lookup. cf (postconf(5)): The doveadm purge command is used to remove all messages with refcount=0 from a user’s mail storage. Mailbox sharing between users: Users sharing their mailboxes to other users. It is currently implemented as a proxy that acts as a front-end for any MTA, adding the necessary functionality required for a submission service: it adds the required AUTH RFC 4954 support, avoiding the need to configure the MTA for SASL authentication. If you want to fetch messages one at a time, see doveadm-search (1). g. 1. If you are experiencing problems, run: doveadm -D backup -Ru username tcp:host:port. Saves. SASL itself is nothing more than a list of requirements for Authentication (SASL) Mechanisms and protocols to be SASL-compatible as described in RFC 4422. Each % { dict:key } variable expansion does a dict lookup for the key. It can be used for several different use cases: Two-way synchronization of mailboxes, creating backups of mails, and convert mailboxes from/to different mailbox formats. UNIX User ID (UID) and primary UNIX Group ID (GID) Home directory and/or mail location. SSD storage). When architecting a Dovecot platform, it is a general rule that a Director ring should not be sized for more than 10 million concurrent connections. Feb 2, 2019 · Quota Plugin. This sets the time to live for negative hits (i. The “sieve_extprograms” plugin provides an extension to the Sieve filtering language adding new action commands for invoking a predefined set of external programs. If more are used, they’re still stored in Dovecot’s index files. config parses the configuration file and sends the configuration to other processes. NOTIFY: Set mailbox_list_index to yes. This can be useful for scripts and for debugging. This plugin can be used to configure mailbox aliases, which on the filesystem level are symlinks to other mailboxes. At least one of these is supposed to be called/accessed from your MTA, e. Pigeonhole Sieve: Spamtest Extension. MUAs (such as mutt, thunderbird, sylpheed, evolution, kmail) hand off newly sent messages to an MTA. This will enable debug logging. The managesieve daemon will listen on port 4190 by default. 3 imapc_port = 143 passdb { driver = imap # Change the line below to reflect the IP address of your Exchange Server. pop3 files. Doveadm (Dsync) Error/Exit Codes. DESCRIPTION ¶. However with Dovecot’s indexing this isn’t true. To mitigate the security concerns, the external Cleartext authentication. Sieve scripts are executed by the Dovecot LDA (Local Delivery Agent) and/or the Dovecot LMTP service. Please note that some distros split configuration under /etc/dovecot/conf. doveconf reads and parses Dovecot’s configuration files and converts them into a simpler format used by the rest of Dovecot. To migrate users, use: doveadm backup -Ru username tcp:host:port. [<more mailbox patterns>. 8 * and % wildcards. The filter specifies which events should be used when Debugging¶. Since v2. Use LMTP Server for mail ## Dovecot configuration file mail_uid = imapproxy mail_gid = imapproxy protocols = imap listen = *, :: mail_location = imapc:~/imapc # Change the line below to reflect the IP address of your Exchange Server. process_avail. com set an auto-forward rule so emails are being forwarded to C@example3. Customer would like to have auto forwarding feature as described below: B @ example2. Documentation overview. Common configuration. the number of additional processes that can be spawned for the service. The client simply sends the password unencrypted to Dovecot. The Dovecot LDA is a mail delivery agent, which takes mail from an MTA and delivers it to a user’s mailbox, while keeping Dovecot index files up to date. 14 and higher (available for Dovecot v2. Namespaces. The index files are often mmap ()ed into memory and accessed directly via structs. Sample IMAPtest Tests. In the first form, all users, whose login name matches the user_mask argument, will be disconnected. The mailbox index is optional for some mailbox formats (maildir, mbox), but required required for all high performance mailbox formats (sdbox, mdbox, obox). log. It’s also possible to use different certificates for IMAP and POP3. Messages can be piped to or filtered through those programs and string data can be input to and retrieved from those programs. Another way to disable replication for some users is to return mail_replica field from userdb for users you want to replicate. Here is a very simple basic configuration with single vmail user to be placed in dovecot. log writes to log files. If Dovecot doesn’t seem to be reading your configuration correctly, use doveconf -n to check how Dovecot actually parses it. Preparing for Testing. dovecot process is the Dovecot master process which keeps everything running. key = proxy-hosts/%u. doveadm-penalty (1), Show current penalties. Sieve and SMTP submission. doveadm ’s kick command is used to disconnect users by user_mask and/or the ip address, from which they are connected. Forwarding parameters in IMAP/POP3/LMTP/SMTP proxying. pop3_no_flag_updates = yes. Sometimes syslog is configured to log all info level logging to /var/log/messages. imapc_host = 10. If a cache record becomes larger than this, don’t add it to the cache file. You can create a deny passwd-file based on the service: passdb { driver = passwd-file args = /etc/dovecot/deny. Both of these files are described fully in Maildir Mailbox Format. 25) <-> keyword name mapping. This doesn’t magically solve the problem of showing clients e. Mailbox renames. MTA is an acronym for Mail Transport Agent. This setting allows Proxies to forward the client’s original IP address and session ID to the Backends. ug xl eh os vy iw vv bc qe zj